Momoko To Nihongo あさラジオ Ep.57
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2021年4月21日（水）今日の天気も晴れ！気温は二十六度です。
昨日の夜もランニングをしました。仕事中はずっと座っているから、仕事の後のランニングは本当に最高ですね。みなさんも、たまには運動してますか？
あさラジオのトピックをリクエストしてくれる人は、インスタグラムでお願いします。
Patreonのサポートもよろしくね。
私のホームページに日本語と英語のスクリプトがありますので、ぜひチェックしてください。
Thank you for your request, and also thank you for your support on my Patreon.
You can find the Japanese and English scripts on my website.
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今日のトピックは「百人一首」です！
みなさん、きいたことがありますか？百人一首。
これは、日本の昔の古いカードゲームです。このゲームは江戸時代から人気になりました。
「百人」は100 people、「一首」は「１つの短歌（poem）」という意味です。
百人が書いた短歌（poem）が、それぞれ１首ずつあって、全部で百枚のカードがあります。
それぞれ 〜ずつ：each
Each person writes a tanka, written by 100 people, so there are 100 cards in all.
カードゲームができたのは江戸時代（１７世紀）からですが、短歌はもっと昔からありました。
鎌倉時代（１４世紀）くらいに、藤原定家という人が、京都の小倉山にある家で１００首の短歌を選んで、短歌を集めた本を作りました。
できる：can / to be completed
短歌：poem
選ぶ：to choose
集める：to collect, to gather
Around the Kamakura period (14th century), a person named Fujiwara no Sadaie picked up 100 tanka poems at a house in Ogurayama, Kyoto, and made a book of tanka poems.
もともと「百人一首」はカードゲームじゃなくて、短歌を集めた本だったんですね。
それから、江戸時代（１７世紀）くらいにカードゲームが始まったんです。
では、「百人一首」はどんなゲームなんでしょうか？
ゲームのルールを説明しますね。説明する：to explain
このカードゲームは、１対１で行います。We play 1 to 1.
だいたい、畳の上でおこないます。On Tatami floor.
百人一首のカードのことを日本語で「札」と呼びます。
札は全部で百枚ありますが、ここから五十枚だけをランダムに取ります。
1人２５枚ずつ、ランダムに札を取って、自分の前に並べます。
Randomly take 25 cards per person and put them in front of you.
Grammar point: 1人・・ずつ： … per person
２つずつ：two of each
りんごを1人2つずつ食べます：Each person eats two apples.
で、もう1人、札を読む人がいます。There is a person who reads the card.
その人が読んだ札と同じカードを取ったら、そのカードをもらえます。
When you take the card that is the same as the one was read, it’s yours.
で、最後に一番カードの枚数が多い人の勝ちです。
勝ち：win, winner.
でも、このカードを取るのはとても難しいです。
読まれる札と取る札に書いてあるフレーズは同じじゃないからです。
Because the phrases written on a card and the phrase to be read are not the same.
百人一首の短歌は、５・７・５・７・７のリズムでできています。
例えば、こんな感じ：
はるすぎて、なつきたるらし、しろたえの、ころもほすてう（ちょう）、あめのかぐやま
で、この最初の「５・７・５」が上のパート（上の句）、「７・７」が下のパート（下の句）ですね。
札を読む人が「はるすぎて、なつきたるらし、しろたえの」を読みますが、
札を取る人は「ころもほすてう、あめのかぐやま」のカードを見つけなければなりません。
だから、「はる」と聞いたら「ころも」を探さなきゃいけないんですね。
つまり、（that is）これを百枚、全部の短歌（poem）を覚えなければなりません。
You need to memorize all of the poem.
しかも、短歌は鎌倉時代（１４世紀）に作られた古いものなので、日本語もとても古いです。私は日本語の先生ですが、古い日本語を読むのはとても難しいし、ほとんどの短歌は意味が分かりません。
だから、私は実は百人一首はできないし、やったこともありません。😂
もし興味があったら、ぜひYoutubeで探してみてください。どんなゲームかよくわかると思います。
はい、今日も良い1日になりますように！じゃあまたね。
April 21, 2021 (Wednesday) Today’s weather is sunny! The temperature is 26 degrees. I ran last night as well. I’m sitting all the time at work, so running after work is really great. Do you also exercise once in a while?
If you would like to request a topic on Asa Radio, please use Instagram. Thank you for Patreon’s support. There are Japanese and English scripts on my homepage, so please check them out. Thank you for your request, and also thank you for your support on my Patreon. You can find the Japanese and English scripts on my website.
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Today’s topic is “Hyakunin Isshu”! Have you ever heard of it? Hyakunin Isshu. This is an old Japanese card game. This game has been popular since the Edo period. “Hundred people” means 100 people, and “Isshu” means “one tanka (poem)”. There is one poem written by 100 people, and there are 100 cards in total. Each ~ each: each Each person writes a tanka, written by 100 people, so there are 100 cards in all.
Card games have been around since the Edo period (17th century), but tanka has been around for a long time. Around the Kamakura period (14th century), a person named Fujiwara no Teika chose 100 tanka poems at a house in Ogurayama, Kyoto, and made a book of tanka poems. Can: can / to be completed Tanka: poem Choose: to choose Collect: to collect, to gather Around the Kamakura period (14th century), a person named Fujiwara no Sadaie picked up 100 tanka poems at a house in Ogurayama, Kyoto, and made a book of tanka poems.
Originally, “Hyakunin Isshu” was not a card game, but a book of tanka. Then, card games started around the Edo period (17th century).
So what kind of game is “Hyakunin Isshu”? I will explain the rules of the game. To explain: to explain
This card game is played one-on-one. We play 1 to 1. It is usually done on tatami mats. On Tatami floor.
The Hyakunin Isshu card is called a “tag” in Japanese. There are 100 cards in total, but only 50 cards will be randomly picked from here.
Randomly take 25 cards per person and arrange them in front of you. Randomly take 25 cards per person and put them in front of you.
Grammar point: 1 person … per person Two of each Each person eats two apples.
And there is another person who reads the bill. There is a person who reads the card. If he takes the same card as the one he read, he will get that card. When you take the card that is the same as the one was read, it ’s yours. And finally, the person with the most cards wins. Win, winner.
But it’s very difficult to get this card. This is because the phrases written on the tags that are read and the tags that are taken are not the same. Because the phrases written on a card and the phrase to be read are not the same.
Hyakunin Isshu’s Tanka is made up of 5, 7, 5, 7, and 7 rhythms. For example: It’s too harsh, it’s fluffy, it’s shirotae, it’s hot, and it’s Amanokaguyama.
So, this first “5.7.5” is the upper part (upper phrase), and “7.7” is the lower part (lower phrase).
The person who reads the bill reads “Too much, sloppy, shirotae”, The person who picks up the bill must find the “Koromohosuteu, Ame no Kaguyama” card.
So, when you hear “Haru”, you have to look for “Koromo”. In other words, (that is) you have to remember 100 of these, all tanka (poem). You need to memorize all of the poem. Moreover, Tanka is an old one made in the Kamakura period (14th century), so Japanese is also very old. I’m a Japanese teacher, but it’s very difficult to read old Japanese, and most tanka songs don’t make sense.
So, I can’t actually do Hyakunin Isshu, and I’ve never done it. 😂 If you are interested, please look for it on Youtube. You can see what kind of game it is.
Yes, I wish you a good day today! see you later.
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